This MA specialization includes two interdisciplinary options. Environmental Studies introduces students the natural science perspectives on sustainable development by taking one or more courses in Biology or Ecology and/or a course in geo-spatial data analysis. Sustainability Studies prepares students to help large organization, public and private, make all of their activities sustainable, reduce their carbon footprint, etc. Courses in sustainability policy and management are offered by the Gabelli School of Business, Fordham’s Center for Nonprofit Leaders and Urban Studies Programs. Note that Environmental and Sustainability Studies are DHS STEM designated degrees that may qualify students for three years of optional or curriculum practical training .